HOW TO ENJOY A HAPPY MARRIAGE

      PART ONE                                     George Mwangi 

Marriage being a mutual agreement between a man and woman to form a family requires mutual agreement to make it work. Many people enter into marriage with no specific knowledge, training or guidelines on how to run a marriage. Couples are left to maneuver and look for ways to make their marriage work. There is no formal or informal training about how to make a happy marriage. The only thing that some couples get is some few counseling sessions prior to marriage, but what is that compared to whole life commitment that couple will have? .It is important to understand that, marriage is built on some very fundamental pillars. Love is a notable pillar that ought to be evident in any marriage. Love is the driving force that keeps any marriage on the move. No marriage can stand where there is no love. It is because of the love that couples have for each other, that makes their marriage work. Couples who love each other unconditionally stay put in their marriage. In marriages where love is lost, things fall apart. How then can love be cultivated in a marriage? One may ask. Love in marriage includes caring and nurturing for each other, carrying each other’s burden, appreciating the strength of each other supporting each other and accommodating each other’s weaknesses. Couples who find it hard to deal with their partner’s weaknesses find it hard to stick together. Many marriages fail because partners ignore the importance of love in their marriage. What is love? Why is it important in any marriage? , who is supposed to show love? , many might be asking. Love is the affectionate feelings that people have towards each other; there are some notable aspects that are evident in love; to begin with love is patient and kind, love is not jealous or boastful; it is not arrogant or rude, love does not insist on its own; it’s not irritable or resentful; it does not rejoice at wrong, but rejoices on right. Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, and endures all things, love is respectful and submissive and love never ends. When some of the mentioned aspects miss in any marriage, then success in marriage becomes a hard thing to achieve. Partners have the duty to ensure that the above mentioned features are implemented in their marriage. There is a common belief by some people that it’s men who should show love, so that women can obey. I beg to differ because two people who don’t love each other cannot live together. Couples live together because they love each other. Where you see couples fighting, then know that love is lost. When couples feel that the love for each other is coming to an end, then that’s the time to start loving each other again. What are some of the things that make couples feel as if love has come to an end one might be asking? Unresolved conflict is number one thing that makes couples feel as if love has come to an end. Continuous conflict, external forces i.e. in laws; lack of finances, unfaithfulness, higher expectations etc, can make partners feel as if love has come to an end. Wives are supposed to show love to their husbands and vice versa. Love is an important ingredient in marriage because it acts like glue that sticks two love birds together. Love is a unifying factor in any marriage; division is evident in marriages where there is no love between couples. Love promotes peace among couples, where there is no love, tension become evident; there is no peace where there is no love. Every partner is supposed to demonstrate love in marriage. Love is a give and take thing. When you give love you receive the same .You can’t receive what you don’t give. Man ought to love his wife and vice versa. No marriage can stand where love is long lost. Sacrifice is a vital aspect that is evident in a marriage; couples who are not prepared to offer their lives for the sake of their marriage cannot go far in the same. Sacrifice entails being prepared to die for the sake of your marriage. There are many things in marriage that requires people to sacrifice. Couples who sacrifice for the sake of their marriage stick together. Commitment is another vital foundation for a happy marriage. Like in any other institution, marriage requires commitment. Couples who are committed to make their marriage work enjoy a happy marriage. Commitment entails working hard to make your marriage work. Couples who are committed to their marriage strive hard to build a stable marriage. Commitment entails being consistence in what you do. Respect is a very important foundation in any marriage. Couples who do not demonstrate respect to each other find it hard to enjoy a happy marriage. Respect entails being kind and courteous to your partner, allowing your partner to express his /her view, not undermining or underrating them, not despising them. Appreciating each other’s opinion is a notable way of demonstrating respect among couples. Knowledge is a vital foundation in any marriage. Knowledge of each other is very key for any marriage to stand. Many couples live together yet they don’t know each other. Understanding your spouse if very important in any marriage, this is because it will help you to live in harmony; and you will be able to handle conflict in your marriage. Couples who don’t know each other, are suspicious of each other, are insecure and don’t trust each other. Knowledge of your spouse is essential for stability of your marriage. Couples ought to understand to live with each other if they desire to enjoy a happy marriage. Wisdom is another vital ingredient that is required for any marriage to stand. Wisdom is the application of knowledge. Marriage requires a lot of wisdom from both partners for it to stand. Couples who apply wisdom in their marriage, enjoys a happy marriage. Wisdom in marriage is applied when couples think twice before they speak or take any step pertaining to challenges in their marriage. Many marriages fail because couples don’t apply wisdom in their marriage. Wisdom entails weighing the pros and cons of any action that couples intend to take in their marriage. Wisdom also entails doing things that will make your marriage stand. Wisdom involves learning to live with each other, knowing how to handle conflict in your marriage, learning how to overcome challenges, and dealing with pressure in your marriage. It is important to understand that every marriage has its own challenges; the key thing is knowing how to tackle these challenges as they come. Marriage is a bed of roses that has both good and bad sides. Submission is another vital pillar in marriage; submission entails being loyal to your marriage partner, obeying the basic rules in your marriage, understanding and keeping your boundaries. When partners are puffed up, nothing much can be achieved in their marriage. Partners ought to submit to each other. Like respect submission is like a two way traffic; it’s a give and take policy that is, you receive what you give. There is a school of thought that state that it is wives who are supposed to submit to their Husbands; I beg to differ because couples are required to submit to each other. Submission entails knowing and keeping your lane in your marriage. When couples submit to each other they are able to work with together, this is because they view each other as equal partners, that is, no one is superior.

EFFECTS OF COVID 19 ON GLOBAL ECONOMY George Mwangi The effects of Covid 19 have been felt by most nations of the world, though it started in Wuhan China as a community disease in December 2019. Corona virus has become one of the worst pandemic to hit the world in this century. Being a new virus as our scientists are telling us, Covid 19 has become a major threat even to the major economies of the world; they have been hard hit by this killer monster that currently has no cure. So far it has been estimated that over 1.6 billion people in the informal sector have lost their jobs because of Corona. Currently, Covid 19 has left over one million people dead, millions infected by this killer virus; as a result of this, Nations have been trembled and global economy hard hit beyond repair. The Economy of most nations is bleeding uncontrollably. It is evident that no nation in the world has been spared by this deadly disease. It has left many wondering, what is the way forward for the next 6 months, owing to the fact that, the virus is spreading like bush fire. It is important to say that major sectors of global economy have been deeply wounded with no hope of soon recovery. Numerous effects have been evident in the economy of almost every nation. One major effect of this killer disease has been the death of thousands of people with the graph rising on a daily basis. This has shaken not only the family foundation but national and global foundations have not been spared. Many people have lost their love ones in different aspects; some have lost their husbands , others their wives, while others have lost their fathers or mothers, parents have lost their children , brothers have lost their sisters and vice versa etc. Cries are being heard from every corner of the world, with cure to comfort people who have been bereaved by their loved ones. People are living in fear because they do not know who is next in the line of infection and in severe cases death. People can no longer go to see their loved ones in the hospital because they cannot be allowed ; because of the nature of the disease, it has become almost impossible to control this pandemic; it is terribly infectious in that ,even the dead are handled with great caution , the worst part of it is that, people are not allowed to bury their own; this has left many traumatized and in great pain as a result of the loss their loved ones; for instance relatives who have their people abroad cannot receive the bodies of their loved ones; where people dies , they are buried there by few people; some people might never see the graves of their loved ones, because its only the authorities in those countries that knows where people have been buried. Job losses have been a notable effect of Covid 19 .It has been estimated that over 1.6 billion people in the informal sector have lost their jobs; working hours has rapidly reduced to less than 6 hours per day in many major economies .This has led to increase in poverty level, many people are depending on government for even the basic necessities of life such as food. Living standard is no longer a priority in many nations; people are struggling to have a better life with little or no success. Industries are no longer operational; some have shut their doors with no hope of opening soon. Not one sector of the economy has been spared, for instance, tourism and transport have been hard hit to the point of drastic stagnation; employees in these sectors are struggling for survival but in vain. Hotels have been closed, airlines are no longer enjoying their good profits, and it is only cargo planes in some countries that have been left to operate, not for profit gain but for survival. Tourism has been greatly affected as a result of the current travel restrictions; no one is allowed to move from one country to another for tourism or trade. Many employees in the hotel industries are at home with no hope of ever being paid for what they have worked for, leave alone what they have not worked for. Education is another sector that has been deeply affected by Covid 19.Most learning institutions globally, have been closed as a result of Corona virus. This has distracted the academic calendars of most learning institutions. Chances of students who are graduating this year seem to be dim if things don’t change. Most learning institutions are no longer operating. This has left many teachers and educators struggling to make the ends meet. With the increase in the rate of infections; currently there is no hope for learning institutions opening soon. Some nations are trying digital learning while others are stranded not knowing what to do. Health sector is the most wounded of all, with doctors having sleepless nights trying to help those affected by this pandemic; scientists are trying hard to find the cure for this dreaded disease. The budget of health has been strained beyond limits. Governments are borrowing from other sectors to aid the health docket. This is the only sector that is having people who are a hundred percent at work. The health workers have not been spared; many health workers have died in the line of duty a thing that should worry any person because they are in the forefront. This is the right time to support the health workers with all that they need to keep the ball rolling. Many health workers cannot go back home after work because of the high rate of infection of the Covid 19. The families of the health workers are stressed because they cannot see their husbands at home, some cannot see their wives as they used to, children can no longer enjoy the joy of having their parents at home Religion is another sector that has been greatly affected by Covid 19. People can no longer congregate. The social distance rule has made people to stay at home, this has greatly affected the spiritual well being of many ; In this century Covid 19 is the only disease that has caused total lock down even in the most sacred places all over the world . In the history of man, this is one of the dreaded diseases that has made places of worship a no go zone. All over the world no mosque, temple, shrine, church etc are open; in most countries it has become a crime to be found in the place of worship. Many worshipers have found themselves on the wrong side of the law because of ignoring the social distance rule. The social distance rule has caused people to be apart; people can no longer socialize as they used to, currently it’s a crime for many people to be found in one place either for a drink or sports. Trade is another sector that has been greatly affected by Covid 19. Many people can no longer operate their business because of the movement restrictions .People can no longer trade freely as they used to. Many business premises have been closed because of this killer disease; trading has become almost impossible in every nation in the world. As a result of this, the economy of most nations is on a stand still because people cannot pay tax which is required to run any economy .The money market is no longer active because people cannot trade as they used to. The time has come for people from all nations to join hands to defeat this monster which is threatening to wipe out the human race from the face of the earth. This can be done by adhering to all the set rules and regulations to curb the spread of this dreaded pandemic. Quoting from one health minister from Kenya who said ; " If we continue to behave normally towards Covid 19 this disease will treat us abnormally, he further said that citizen responsibility is the key to defeating this virus” (Mutahi Kagwe .) Passmark educators

IMPORTANCE OF PERSONAL BRANDING

PERSONAL BRANDING PART ONE GEORGE MWANGI Personal Branding is the way you package yourself so that people can know and identify you, this involves the way you present yourself. The ways you appear to people determine how people will respond to you. People will label you as a result of what they see in you. For instance people who are confident attract people, they become good brands; on the contrary, people who are not confident don’t attract many people. Branding is a tag that people put on you, it’s also the value that they place on you: people who brand themselves well become valuable to others and are identified wherever they go, and in what they do. People value you because of the potential they see in you. What you stand for and believe in is a sure way of building a good personal brand. To build a good personal brand you ought to market yourself well. This includes your personal appearance, for instance are you friendly or caring?, do you listen to people or you take them for granted?, do you value others?, are you appreciative?, do you respect other people’s opinions ? Etc; these are notable aspects that form a good personal brand. Many people ignore the aspect of personal branding a thing that makes them lose many opportunities; this is because they are not known. Branding involves the basic things like the way you dress or talk. Social media is a notable place where brands are established, it is therefore important to brand yourself well on your face book, istagram or twitter accounts; Dressing is very essential in building personal brands: for instance people who always dress casually most often are not taken seriously; also people who talk casually most often are not taken seriously. Sometimes it’s important to be official in your dressing. It’s okay to have fun with some few jokes here and there but it’s vital to be serious most of the time. In so doing people will take you seriously. The way you brand yourself can either attract or repel people from you. To build a good brand, you ought to be informed in your area of your specialization, for instance, if you are a business person you need to be informed about some aspects in your business such as where to buy your products at a better price so that you can sell them at a fair price. Branding entails being knowledgeable about the products you are selling. People who don’t know the features in the products they are selling find it extremely hard to make good sales. People who understand their products make more sales in comparison to people who are not sure of what they are selling. Many people build their personal brands in their career: you ought to be passionate in your career so that people can identify you with what you do. To build a good brand, you need to understand your potential. People who don’t understand their potential are not confident and are brand less. People will brand you as a result of what they see in you. People who find it hard to deal with others cannot build good brands. Confidence is very key in personal branding. Most people are attracted to people who are confident and have positive attitude. Your attitude towards people is very key in personal branding. Honesty is another key aspect in personal branding; dishonest people never create good personal brands. Respect is another vital aspect of personal branding. Disrespectful people repel people from them. Integrity is a vital feature in personal branding .People that lack integrity miss the mark of good personal branding. Integrity entails doing the right thing always.

HOW TO MAKE YOUR MARRIAGE WORK

PART ONE George Mwangi Marriage being a mutual agreement between a man and woman to form a family requires mutual agreement to make it work. Many people enter into marriage with no specific knowledge, training or guidelines on how to run a marriage. Couples are left to maneuver and look for ways to make their marriage work. There is no formal or informal training about how to make a happy marriage. The only thing that some couples get is some few counseling sessions prior to marriage, but what is that compared to whole life commitment that couple will have? .It is important to understand that, marriage is built on some very fundamental pillars. Love is a notable pillar that ought to be evident in any marriage. Love is the driving force that keeps any marriage on the move. No marriage can stand where there is no love. It is because of the love that couples have for each other, that makes their marriage work. Couples who love each other unconditionally stay put in their marriage. In marriages where love is lost, things fall apart. How then can love be cultivated in a marriage? One may ask. Love in marriage includes caring and nurturing for each other, carrying each other’s burden, appreciating the strength of each other supporting each other and accommodating each other’s weaknesses. Couples who find it hard to deal with their partner’s weaknesses find it hard to stick together. Many marriages fail because partners ignore the importance of love in their marriage. What is love? Why is it important in any marriage? , who is supposed to show love? , many might be asking. Love is the affectionate feelings that people have towards each other; there are some notable aspects that are evident in love; to begin with love is patient and kind, love is not jealous or boastful; it is not arrogant or rude, love does not insist on its own; it’s not irritable or resentful; it does not rejoice at wrong, but rejoices on right. Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, and endures all things, love is respectful and submissive and love never ends. When some of the mentioned aspects miss in any marriage, then success in marriage becomes a hard thing to achieve. Partners have the duty to ensure that the above mentioned features are implemented in their marriage. There is a common belief by some people that it’s men who should show love, so that women can obey. I beg to differ because two people who don’t love each other cannot live together. Couples live together because they love each other. Where you see couples fighting, then know that love is lost. When couples feel that the love for each other is coming to an end, then that’s the time to start loving each other again. What are some of the things that make couples feel as if love has come to an end one might be asking? Unresolved conflict is number one thing that makes couples feel as if love has come to an end. Continuous conflict, external forces i.e. in laws; lack of finances, unfaithfulness, higher expectations etc, can make partners feel as if love has come to an end. Wives are supposed to show love to their husbands and vice versa. Love is an important ingredient in marriage because it acts like glue that sticks two love birds together. Love is a unifying factor in any marriage; division is evident in marriages where there is no love between couples. Love promotes peace among couples, where there is no love, tension become evident; there is no peace where there is no love. Every partner is supposed to demonstrate love in marriage. Love is a give and take thing. When you give love you receive the same .You can’t receive what you don’t give. Man ought to love his wife and vice versa. No marriage can stand where love is long lost. Sacrifice is a vital aspect that is evident in a marriage; couples who are not prepared to offer their lives for the sake of their marriage cannot go far in the same. Sacrifice entails being prepared to die for the sake of your marriage. There are many things in marriage that requires people to sacrifice. Couples who sacrifice for the sake of their marriage stick together. Commitment is another vital foundation for a happy marriage. Like in any other institution, marriage requires commitment. Couples who are committed to make their marriage work enjoy a happy marriage. Commitment entails working hard to make your marriage work. Couples who are committed to their marriage strive hard to build a stable marriage. Commitment entails being consistence in what you do. Respect is a very important foundation in any marriage. Couples who do not demonstrate respect to each other find it hard to enjoy a happy marriage. Respect entails being kind and courteous to your partner, allowing your partner to express his /her view, not undermining or underrating them, not despising them. Appreciating each other’s opinion is a notable way of demonstrating respect amongst couples. Knowledge is a vital foundation in any marriage. Knowledge of each other is very key for any marriage to stand. Many couples live together yet they don’t know each other. Understanding your spouse if very important in any marriage, this is because it will help you to live in harmony; and you will be able to handle conflict in your marriage. Couples who don’t know each other, are suspicious of each other, are insecure and don’t trust each other. Knowledge of your spouse is essential for stability of your marriage. Couples ought to understand to live with each other if they desire to enjoy a happy marriage. Wisdom is another vital ingredient that is required for any marriage to stand. Wisdom is the application of knowledge. Marriage requires a lot of wisdom from both partners for it to stand. Couples who apply wisdom in their marriage, enjoys a happy marriage. Wisdom in marriage is applied when couples think twice before they speak or take any step pertaining to challenges in their marriage. Many marriages fail because couples don’t apply wisdom in their marriage. Wisdom entails weighing the pros and cons of any action that couples intend to take in their marriage. Wisdom also entails doing things that will make your marriage stand. Wisdom involves learning to live with each other, knowing how to handle conflict in your marriage, learning how to overcome challenges, and dealing with pressure in your marriage. It is important to understand that every marriage has its own challenges; the key thing is knowing how to tackle these challenges as they come. Marriage is a bed of roses that has both good and bad sides. Submission is another vital pillar in marriage; submission entails being loyal to your marriage partner, obeying the basic rules in your marriage, understanding and keeping your boundaries. When partners are puffed up, nothing much can be achieved in their marriage. Partners ought to submit to each other. Like respect submission is like a two way traffic; it’s a give and take policy that is, you receive what you give. There is a school of thought that state that it is wives who are supposed to submit to their Husbands; I beg to differ because couples are required to submit to each other. Submission entails knowing and keeping your lane in your marriage. When couples submit to each other they are able to work with together, this is because they view each other as equal partners, that is, no one is superior.

IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP ON SOCIO- ECONOMIC GROWTH

IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP ON SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GEORGE MWANGI Leadership is the ability to demonstrate authority, capacity, influence, vision, direction, focus, integrity in an institution. Effective leadership is evident in what people see in their leaders. Leaders are the vision bearer in their organizations. The success or failure of any institution is determined by the leadership that is in place. Leadership is about authority that is bestowed on a leader, that is, the ability to rule and govern; leaders who do not exercise their authority cannot be effective in their ruler ship. One mark of true leaders is their ability to demonstrate ruler ship. It is important to note that there is a difference between ruler ship and dictatorship; a ruler involves people in decision making but a dictator decides what to do without involving others. Capacity is an evident aspect that is notable in effective leadership. Capacity is the ability or potential to articulate issues involving leadership. People who lack capacity find it hard to deal with issues in their leadership. It is important to understand that leadership is about governance and a lot of decision making; when leaders lack capacity; it becomes almost impossible to be effective in leadership. Influence is another vital aspect of effective leadership; this is the ability to cause people to follow your ideologies. People who lack the ability to influence others struggle in their leadership; influence makes people to follow your point of view and support you in your leadership. Vision is another important feature that is evident in good leadership; vision is a true mark of an effective leader; people who do not have a clear vision of where they want to see their people in terms of growth and development, cannot become effective leaders. It is important to understand that, people elect leaders because they think that they have a vision for their well being. People who have no vision to transform the lives of their followers cannot be effective leaders. It is vital to note that, leaders must have the dream to see the lives of people change. Leaders who lack vision are retrogressive and not progressive; this is because they cause people to stagnate and live a mediocre life. One person said that, people who have no vision are employed to propagate the vision of others. Direction is a vital aspect that every leader must pursue to have. This is the mission statement in life; people who have no direction in life cannot become effective leaders. People who are not going anywhere cannot show you the way; as a leader you must convince people that you know where you are going so that they can be motivated to follow you. Many leaders lack following because they are heading nowhere; people ought to know your mission statement for them to trust and follow you; leaders who cannot convince people to follow them, lack direction and are just making a walk in the park; a notable mark of an effective leader is direction. People ought to understand your direction before they decide to follow you. Many leaders want people to follow them yet they are heading nowhere. Focus and integrity are key pillars in any leadership; leaders who have no focus in life struggle a lot in their leadership. Focus entails keeping an eye to where you are heading; people who are not focused find it hard to find following. Integrity is a vital aspect of effective leadership; leaders who lack integrity become a stumbling block to success of any institution. Integrity entails always doing the right things; notable aspects of integrity are responsibility, respect, honesty, trust etc. Leadership is very important in socio economic development of any organization. Effective leadership brings economic growth in an institution. Leaders are either elected or appointed to bring growth and development in their organizations; any leadership that does not bring change cannot be said to be effective leadership. Leaders who do not bring growth in their leadership cannot boast of being efficient leaders; growth and development are key pillars of good leadership. Leaders are game changers in that when they enter an institution, they must leave a legacy. Effective leadership is remembered because of the change and impact it leaves. When people cannot remember what you did during your tenure, in leadership, then you cannot count yourself to be an effective leader. Leaders are supposed to be impactful, that is they must leave a good mark after their departure. One way of evaluating true leadership is through the change of the living standard of people they lead they leave when they exit; for instance, in political leadership, when people continue to suffer before and after a particular leadership; then we can say that this is a failed leadership. Leadership is evident in many areas this includes; family, religion, politics, private companies, public institutions etc. As a family leader, religious leader, corporate leader, or political leader what would you want to be remembered for after you are gone? Many leaders’ scores less in the area of growth and development, this is because they leave no impact; one way of becoming an effective leader is by identifying problems affecting your people and coming up with a long lasting solution; for instance as a corporate leader you can be remembered for changing the working conditions of workers; as a family leader you can be remembered for uniting your family members. When people are elected in political leadership and there is a decrease in poverty level; then we can say that the elected leaders are an effective leader; but when people continue to struggle in poverty; we can say that is a failed leadership. As a religious leader when people continue to struggle in spiritual matters in your tenure; then we can say that you are not an impactful leader. As family a leader; when people are not progressive in your tenure, then you cannot boast of being an effective leader. Leaders are either appointed or elected to transform the lives of their followers. When people who work for you are struggling to make their ends meet, then we can say that you are not an impactful leader. Many people are struggling as a result of poor leadership. One aspect of poor leadership is misplaced priority; that is doing the right thing at the wrong time or place. We have seen many nations coming to an economic standstill as a result of misplaced priorities by the elected leaders. Misuse of resource is another aspect of poor leadership; leaders who misuse funds cannot be effective leaders; they are retrogressive rather than being progressive in their leadership. Misuse of resources goes hand in hand with wastage of resource; for instance buying items at over exaggerated prices is a notable form of wastage and misuse of resources. Autocratic form of leadership is an evident demonstration of poor leadership; when people are not allowed to express their views autocracy becomes the order of the day. Autocracy is a true demonstration of poor governance; which is a major stumbling block to good leadership. Lack oversight is a notable impact of poor leadership; when there is no room for oversight people are no longer accountable. It is normal for people to misbehave when there is no oversight. Where there is no oversight, people become irresponsible and ignore accountability. There ought to be checks and balances in leadership.

HOW TO BUILD YOUR CONFIDENCE GEORGE MWANGI Confidence is self belief or self esteem; Confidence can be defined in the following ways. To begin with confidence is the trust that a person has in his or her self. It is being certain about something or one’s ability, it’s the trust that something will happen; Confidence is the ability is to express one self. Confidence is the courage to confront and handle issues in life. Self esteem is very important in the life of an individual. People who have high self esteem are confident and are able to express themselves. Lack of confidence can make people to live in fear and frustrations. One feature that is evident in confident people is that, they have positive mindset that is, they view things in a positive way. They are optimistic and are driven by positive attitude. People who don’t have a positive attitude are driven by fear of what people are saying or will say concerning them. One thing that can destroy your confidence is when you decide to worry and be concerned about what people will say or are saying concerning you. Insecurity is another aspect that is evident in people who lack confidence; people who are insecure find it hard to express themselves. People who have inferiority complex most often lack confidence; people who view others as superior to them find it hard to be confident. Also people who faced rejection when they were young may have inferiority complex a thing that can make them to lack confidence. People who dwell on the past hurts and failure most often lack confidence to confront different challenges in life. People lack confidence in different ways, for instance some people fear to speak to large crowd of people. People who fear to begin things with a view that they will fail. Other people lack confidence to confront issues in life. Some people fear to do certain things a thing that makes them to lack confidence. There are many ways of building personal confidence. Self belief is the first step in building self confidence, you ought to believe in yourself this is because if you cannot believe in yourself no one will. Believe that you are the best and no one compares to you. Also you need to be always optimistic in order to build your personal confidence. People who listen to the views of others concerning them fail the mark of being confident. People who seek other people’s opinions rob themselves the opportunity to be confident. You don’t require other people’s opinions to be who you are; you ought to understand that you are an original copy, created in the image of God. Believe in yourself. Self belief is very key in building your confidence. Continue to do what you fear to do and fear will disappear. Practice, practice, practice, continue to exercise and you will build your confidence, understand that practice makes perfect.

SOCIO ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF COVID- 19 ON GLOBAL ECONOMY The effects of Covid 19 have been felt by most nations of the world, though it started in Huwan China as a community disease in December 2019. Corona virus has become one of the worst pandemic to hit the world in this century. Being a new virus as our scientists are telling us, Covid 19 has become a major threat even to the major economies of the world; they have been hard hit by this killer monster that currently has no cure. So far it has been estimated that over 1.6 billion people in the informal sector have lost their jobs because of Corona. Currently, Covid 19 has left over 700000 people dead, millions infected by this killer virus; as a result of this, Nations have been trembled and global economy hard hit beyond repair. The Economy of most nations is bleeding uncontrollably. It is evident that no nation in the world has been spared by this deadly disease. It has left many wondering, what is the way forward for the next 6 months, owing to the fact that, the virus is spreading like bush fire. It is important to say that major sectors of global economy have been deeply wounded with no hope of soon recovery. Numerous effects have been evident in the economy of almost every nation. One major effect of this killer disease has been the death of thousands of people with the graph rising on a daily basis. This has shaken not only the family foundation but national and global foundations have not been spared. Many people have lost their love ones in different aspects; some have lost their husbands , others their wives, while others have lost their fathers or mothers, parents have lost their children , brothers have lost their sisters and vice versa etc. Cries are being heard from every corner of the world, with cure to comfort people who have been bereaved by their loved ones. People are living in fear because they do not know who is next in the line of infection and in severe cases death. People can no longer go to see their loved ones in the hospital because they cannot be allowed ; because of the nature of the disease, it has become almost impossible to control this pandemic; it is terribly infectious in that ,even the dead are handled with great caution , the worst part of it is that, people are not allowed to bury their own; this has left many traumatized and in great pain as a result of the loss their loved ones; for instance relatives who have their people abroad cannot receive the bodies of their loved ones; where people dies , they are buried there by few people; some people might never see the graves of their loved ones, because its only the authorities in those countries that knows where people have been buried. Job losses have been a notable effect of Covid 19 .It has been estimated that over 1.6 billion people in the informal sector have lost their jobs; working hours has rapidly reduced to less than 6 hours per day in many major economies .This has led to increase in poverty level, many people are depending on government for even the basic necessities of life such as food. Living standard is no longer a priority in many nations; people are struggling to have a better life with little or no success. Industries are no longer operational; some have shut their doors with no hope of opening soon. Not one sector of the economy has been spared, for instance, tourism and transport have been hard hit to the point of drastic stagnation; employees in these sectors are struggling for survival but in vain. Hotels have been closed, airlines are no longer enjoying their good profits, and it is only cargo planes in some countries that have been left to operate, not for profit gain but for survival. Tourism has been greatly affected as a result of the current travel restrictions; no one is allowed to move from one country to another for tourism or trade. Many employees in the hotel industries are at home with no hope of ever being paid for what they have worked for, leave alone what they have not worked for. Education is another sector that has been deeply affected by Covid 19.Most learning institutions globally, have been closed as a result of Corona virus. This has distracted the academic calendars of most learning institutions. Chances of students who are graduating this year seem to be dim if things don’t change. Most learning institutions are no longer operating. This has left many teachers and educators struggling to make the ends meet. With the increase in the rate of infections; currently there is no hope for learning institutions opening soon. Some nations are trying digital learning while others are stranded not knowing what to do. Health sector is the most wounded of all, with doctors having sleepless nights trying to help those affected by this pandemic; scientists are trying hard to find the cure for this dreaded disease. The budget of health has been strained beyond limits. Governments are borrowing from other sectors to aid the health docket. This is the only sector that is having people who are a hundred percent at work. The health workers have not been spared; many health workers have died in the line of duty a thing that should worry any person because they are in the forefront. This is the right time to support the health workers with all that they need to keep the ball rolling. Many health workers cannot go back home after work because of the high rate of infection of the Covid 19. The families of the health workers are stressed because they cannot see their husbands at home, some cannot see their wives as they used to, children can no longer enjoy the joy of having their parents at home Religion is another sector that has been greatly affected by Covid 19. People can no longer congregate. The social distance rule has made people to stay at home, this has greatly affected the spiritual well being of many ; In this century Covid 19 is the only disease that has caused total lock down even in the most sacred places all over the world . In the history of man, this is one of the dreaded diseases that has made places of worship a no go zone. All over the world no mosque, temple, shrine, church etc are open; in most countries it has become a crime to be found in the place of worship. Many worshipers have found themselves on the wrong side of the law because of ignoring the social distance rule. The social distance rule has caused people to be apart; people can no longer socialize as they used to, currently it’s a crime for many people to be found in one place either for a drink or sports. Trade is another sector that has been greatly affected by Covid 19. Many people can no longer operate their business because of the movement restrictions .People can no longer trade freely as they used to. Many business premises have been closed because of this killer disease; trading has become almost impossible in every nation in the world. As a result of this, the economy of most nations is on a stand still because people cannot pay tax which is required to run any economy .The money market is no longer active because people cannot trade as they used to. The time has come for people from all nations to join hands to defeat this monster which is threatening to wipe out the human race from the face of the earth. This can be done by adhering to all the set rules and regulations to curb the spread of this dreaded pandemic. Quoting from one health minister from Kenya who said; “If we continue to behave normally towards Covid 19 this disease will treat us abnormally, he further said that citizen responsibility is the key to defeating this virus” (Mutahi Kagwe .) Compiled and written by George K Mwangi Passmark educators

www.passmarkeducators.comHow to defeat Corona virus
Covid -19 is an infectious and communicable disease that is caused by a new virus. There is a major debate about it's origin with no conclusive evidence about it's origin ,it's a known fact that it started in China before spreading to other parts of the world ,where it has left thousands dead ,with millions infected with this deadly disease. Covid -19 is spread when people have direct contact with an infected person. This is evident when an infected person  sneezes, coughs or pass on droplets from his or her mouth ,by shaking hands, hugging or kissing .
Maintaining basic hygiene like washing hands, sanitizing ,covering your mouth and nose when sneezing , maintaining social distance is the best thing to do to control this killer disease. When people take care of themselves they will prevent themselves and others from being infected by this virus.One thing that people must understand is that currently there is no cure for this killer disease and thus people must be cautious of the way they behave both in private and public.
Preventive measures is very key in curbing the spread of covid-19.Governments  have come up with ways of stopping the spread of this disease.It is the duty of all citizens to ensure that they obey the set rules and regulations for us to fight the war against this killer monster that does not know boundaries ,it is going to both the rich and the poor, the elite and commoner.
We must join hands to fight this pandemic if we need to enjoy our today and   the future of our grand children. It is important to understand that the future of your children depends on how you conduct your self today.My prayer is that God will help us during this period and comfort those who have lost their loved ones.

Together we can yes we can overcome because if God is on our side we can never be defeated, we are more than conquerors.

EFFECTS OF COVID -19 IN GLOBAL ECONOMY

  EFFECTS OF COVID -19 ON GLOBAL ECONOMY

The effects of Covid-19 have been felt by most nations of the world, though it started in Wuhan China as a community disease in December 2019. Corona virus has become one of the worst pandemic to hit the world in this century. Being a new virus as our scientists are telling us, Covid-19 has become a major threat even to the major economies of the world; they have been hard hit by this killer monster that currently has no cure. So far it has been estimated that over 1.6 billion people in the informal sector have lost their jobs because of Corona.

Currently, Covid 19 has left over 200,000 people dead, millions infected by this killer virus; as a result of this, Nations have been trembled and global economy hard hit beyond repair. The Economy of most nations is bleeding uncontrollably. It is evident that no nation in the world has been spared by this deadly disease. It has left many wondering, what is the way forward for the next 6 months, owing to the fact that, the virus is spreading like bush fire. It is important to say that major sectors of global economy have been deeply wounded with no hope of soon recovery. 

Numerous effects have been evident in the economy of almost every nation. One major effect of this killer disease has been the death of thousands of people with the graph rising on a daily basis. This has shaken not only the family foundation but national and global foundations have not been spared. Many people have lost their love ones in different aspects; some have lost their  husbands , others their  wives, while   others have lost their fathers or mothers, parents have  lost their  children , brothers have lost their sisters and vice versa etc. Cries are being heard from every corner of the world, with cure to comfort people who have been bereaved by their loved ones.

People are living in fear because they do not know who is next in the line of infection and in severe cases death. People can no longer   go to see their loved ones in the hospital because they cannot be allowed ; because of the nature of the disease, it has become almost impossible to control this pandemic; it is terribly infectious in that ,even the dead are handled with great caution , the worst part  of it is that, people are not allowed to bury their own; this has left many traumatized and in great pain as a result of the loss their loved ones; for instance relatives who have their people abroad cannot receive the bodies of their loved ones; where people dies , they are  buried there by few people; some people might never see the graves of their loved ones, because its only the authorities in those countries that knows where people have been buried.

Job losses have been a notable effect of Covid 19 .It has been estimated that over 1.6 billion people in the informal sector have lost their jobs; working hours has rapidly reduced to less than 6 hours per day in many major economies .This has led to increase in poverty level, many people are depending on government for even the basic necessities of life such as food. Living standard is no longer a priority in many nations; people are struggling to have a better life with little or no success.

 Industries are no longer operational; some have shut their doors with no hope of opening soon. Not one sector of the economy has been spared, for instance, tourism and transport have been hard hit to the point of drastic stagnation; employees in these sectors are struggling for survival but in vain. Hotels have been closed, airlines are no longer enjoying their good profits, and it is only cargo planes in some countries that have been left to operate, not for profit gain but for survival. Tourism has been   greatly affected as a result of the current travel restrictions; no one is allowed to move from one country to another for tourism or trade. Many employees in the hotel industries are at home with no hope of ever being paid for what they have worked for, leave alone what they have not worked for.

Education is another sector that has been deeply affected by Covid 19.Most learning institutions globally, have been closed as a result of Corona virus. This has distracted the academic calendars of most learning institutions. Chances of students who are graduating this year seem to be dim if things don’t change. Most learning institutions are no longer operating. This has left many teachers and educators struggling to make the ends meet. With the increase in the rate of infections; currently there is no hope for learning institutions opening soon. Some nations are trying digital learning while others are stranded not knowing what to do.

Health sector is the most wounded of all, with doctors having sleepless nights trying to help those affected by this pandemic; scientists are trying hard to find the cure for this dreaded disease. The budget of health has been strained beyond limits. Governments are borrowing from other sectors to aid the   health docket. This is the only sector that is having people who are a hundred percent at work. The health workers have not been spared; many health workers have died in the line of duty a thing that should worry any person because they are in the forefront. This is the right time to support the health workers with all that they need to keep the ball rolling.  Many health workers cannot go back home after work because of the high rate of infection of the Covid 19. The families of the health workers are stressed because they cannot see their husbands at home, some cannot see their wives as they used to, children can no longer enjoy the joy of having their parents at home

Religion is another sector that has been greatly affected by Covid 19. People can no longer congregate. The social distance rule has made people to stay at home, this has greatly affected the spiritual well being of many  ; In this century Covid 19 is the only disease that has caused total lock down even in the most sacred places all over the world . In the history of man, this is one of the dreaded diseases that has made places of worship a no go zone. All over the world no mosque, temple, shrine, church etc are open; in most countries it has become a crime to be found in the place of worship. Many worshipers have found themselves on the wrong side of the law because of ignoring the social distance rule. The social distance rule has caused people to be apart; people can no longer socialize as they used to, currently it’s a crime for many people to be found in one place either for a drink or sports.       

Trade is another sector that has been greatly affected by Covid 19. Many people can no longer operate their business because of the movement restrictions .People can no longer trade freely as they used to. Many business premises have been closed because of this killer disease; trading has become almost impossible in every nation in the world. As a result of this, the economy of most nations is on a stand still because people cannot pay tax which is required to run any economy .The money market is no longer active because people cannot trade as they used to.

The time has come for people from all nations to join hands to defeat this monster which is threatening to wipe out the human race from the face of the earth. This can be done by adhering to all the set rules and regulations to curb the spread of this dreaded pandemic.

Quoting from one health minister from Kenya who said ; " If we continue to behave normally towards Covid 19 this disease will treat us abnormally, he further said that citizen responsibility is the key to defeating this virus” (Mutahi  Kagwe .)

Compiled and written by George K Mwangi

Passmark educators